Soft Validation: Normalize + Validate Email

                  class Member < ApplicationRecord
  before_validation :normalize_email

  validates :email, presence: true, uniqueness: { case_sensitive: false }
  validates :email, format: { with: URI::MailTo::EMAIL_REGEXP }

  private

  def normalize_email
    self.email = email.to_s.strip.downcase
  end
end