Even in a Hotwire-first app, I keep HTML fallbacks because it makes features robust and keeps endpoints usable for bots and scripts. In controllers, I almost always include format.html alongside format.turbo_stream. For example, on create I return tur

ContentTypes enable generic foreign keys pointing to any model. I use GenericForeignKey for features like comments, tags, or favorites on multiple content types. The framework tracks all installed models. I query with content_type and object_id. For r

Large file uploads don’t belong on app servers. My default is: the server issues a short-lived pre-signed URL, the browser uploads directly to S3, then the server stores the object key. That keeps latency low and costs predictable. Before signing, I v

I use Django's cache framework to avoid expensive queries and computations. The cache_page decorator caches entire view responses by URL. For more control, I use the low-level cache API to store query results or computed values. I set reasonable timeo

Django Silk profiles SQL queries, HTTP requests, and Python code. I install it in development to identify bottlenecks. It shows query counts, execution times, and duplicate queries per request. The web UI visualizes performance data. I use @silk_profi

Long-running jobs can hit stale connections. Wrap work in with_connection and consider verify! before heavy DB usage. This reduces “PG::ConnectionBad” noise during long maintenance tasks.

Raw WebSockets can turn into an unmaintainable mess unless you define a tiny protocol up front. I keep messages typed (even if it’s ‘JSON with a type field’) and I implement topic subscriptions so clients opt into exactly what they need. I track subsc

Nested writes should be transactional: either everything is created or nothing is. Rails does this well when you keep validations coherent and avoid side effects in callbacks.

Turbo supports data-turbo-confirm, but sometimes you want a stronger confirmation step (type-to-confirm, extra context, multi-step). Stimulus lets you implement consistent confirmations without sprinkling JS across views.

Forms are where type safety and UX collide. react-hook-form keeps re-renders low, and Zod gives me a single schema I can share between frontend and backend if I want. I wire zodResolver so field-level errors show up automatically, and I keep a stable

Sometimes you want frame navigation on desktop but full-page navigation on mobile. You can decide the target frame at render time. This keeps UX tuned without duplicating controller actions.

Admin toggles (published/unpublished, featured/unfeatured) are a perfect Hotwire use case: server-rendered state, instant UI update. I render the toggle as a partial inside a frame, and the update action responds with a turbo stream replacing that fra